“Would it be fair to say that in many parts of the world the arrival of the internet and its associated digital technologies has strengthened authoritarian regimes rather than weakened them?
Here is the answer that came back. An incomplete picture, no doubt, not the last word but interesting.
“The discussion you referenced outlines the paradoxical role of the internet in modern authoritarian regimes. While the internet was initially seen as a tool that could promote democracy and free expression, in many cases, authoritarian governments have turned it to their advantage. Here’s a summary of the main points:
1. Surveillance and Control
Mass Surveillance: Authoritarian regimes have developed sophisticated systems to monitor and control online activities. China’s “Great Firewall” is a prime example, enabling extensive censorship and surveillance to maintain control over the population.
Data Harvesting: Governments collect vast amounts of data from digital platforms, which is used to predict, monitor, and suppress dissent.
2. Censorship and Propaganda
Censorship: Many regimes have robust systems to filter and block access to information that could challenge their authority. They may even shut down the internet entirely during periods of unrest.
Propaganda: Authoritarian governments use the internet to spread state-sponsored narratives and disinformation, often employing trolls and bots to manipulate public opinion.
3. Legal and Regulatory Measures
Digital Authoritarianism: New laws criminalizing online dissent and justifying surveillance have been implemented under the guise of national security. These laws are often vaguely worded to allow for broad suppression of opposition.
Internet Sovereignty: Some regimes push for national control over the internet, implementing their own rules to insulate their populations from global influences.
4. Cybersecurity and Digital Warfare
Cyber Attacks: Authoritarian regimes use the internet to launch cyberattacks against opposition groups, foreign governments, and their own citizens.
Information Warfare: Governments engage in campaigns to influence both domestic and international public opinion, further consolidating their power.
5. Co-opting Technology Companies
Collaboration with Tech Firms: Authoritarian governments often coerce or collaborate with technology companies to gain access to user data, censor content, or develop surveillance tools.
6. Manipulation of Social Media
Astroturfing: Governments create fake accounts and use “astroturfing” techniques to fabricate support for the regime, drowning out dissenting voices and manipulating discourse.
Conclusion
The internet’s impact on authoritarian regimes is complex. While it has the potential to empower citizens, in many cases, it has been used to strengthen authoritarian control. Governments have adapted to the digital age by using these technologies to surveil, censor, and manipulate, turning what was once seen as a tool for democratization into one for repression.
This analysis highlights the dual nature of the internet, where it can both support democratic movements and reinforce authoritarian power, depending on how it is used and controlled.”
—ooo—
I also asked Chat GPT to give me some examples of where the internet and its associated technologies had acted to weaken authoritarian regimes. I will publish the response in a separate blog tomorrow. It’s not a long list and, as you will see, often whatever progressive impact there might have been did not last very long. Long enough for those in power to learn how to reverse the process.
What I think you will see and hope you will conclude is the original dream of the internet as a mechanism to promote greater freedom has turned to dust for far too many people in far too many countries. Not everyone everywhere, but far too many. This question matters because one of the major justifications for opposing certain regulatory reforms which different Governments in the liberal democracies are proposing is that they could help bad guys do bad things. Er…
John Carr is one of the world's leading authorities on children's and young people's use of the internet and digital technologies. He is a former Senior Technical Adviser to Bangkok-based global NGO ECPAT International and a former Secretary of the UK's Children's Charities' Coalition on Internet Safety. John has advised the Council of Europe, the UN (ITU), UNODC, the EU and UNICEF. A former member of Microsoft's Policy Board for Europe, the Middle East and Africa and a former Vice President of Mspace, he has also advised several of the world's largest technology companies on online child safety and ethical investors with shares in high tech businesses. John's skill as a writer has also been widely recognised. http://johncarrcv.blogspot.com and https://substack.com/@johnc1912
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